Based on our findings and previous studies, palatopharyngeus with various muscle bundle directions may be essential for the coordination of continuous swallowing events.īingjie L, Tong Z, Xinting S, Jianmin X, Guijun J (2010) Quantitative videofluoroscopic analysis of penetration-aspiration in post-stroke patients. The palatopharyngeus may elevate the larynx with the suprahyoid muscles and contribute to successive movements of swallowing with surrounding muscles. The attachment area extends from the posterior end of the thyroid cartilage to the posterior margin of the attachment site of the inferior constrictor. A part of the palatopharyngeus, which originated from the inferior aspect of the palatine aponeurosis, was attached to the inner and outer surfaces of the thyroid cartilage through collagen fibers. We evaluated 14 halves of seven heads from Japanese cadavers (average age: 76.4 years) 12 halves, anatomically and two halves histologically. In the present study, we analyzed the attachment site and characteristics of the palatopharyngeus in the thyroid cartilage. However, the morphological relationship between the larynx and palatopharyngeus remains unclear. Recently, clinical research has demonstrated that the palatopharyngeus, a longitudinal muscle of the pharynx, is involved in the elevation of the larynx. Laryngeal elevation is essential for proper swallowing and breathing. Radiology 1988 167:319–326, with permission from the Radiological Society of North America.The attachment of the palatopharyngeus extended from the posterior end of the thyroid cartilage to the posterior margin of the inferior constrictor attachment that might contribute to successive swallowing movements. Examination of the patient with dysphagia. There is more symmetric distention proximally than distally because the superior portion lacks the support of the thyroid cartilage. d: The patient demonstrates "blowing up a balloon." The pharynx is now expanded especially in the region of the proximal portions of the piriform sinus. In this patient the epiglottis is not clearly visualized on this view at rest. (a, b: Source: Netter images, with permission from Elsevier Science.) c: The pharynx has now been coated with high-density barium outlining the valleculae (v) and piriform sinuses (p). This drawing shows the contours of the valleculae and piriform sinuses and demonstrates the relationship of the valleculae to the base of the tongue and epiglottis. Note the uvula, epiglottis, piriform sinus and tongue. b: The structures in the anterior wall of the pharynx as viewed from the posterior aspect. Note also that the fibers of the cricopharyngeus or horizontal fibers of the inferior constrictor muscle merge with the fascicles of the proximal circular muscle of the esophagus. Note again that the constrictor muscles overlap, the inferior being the more external and the superior the more internal. A: The constrictor and lateral suspensory muscles of the pharynx viewed from the posterior aspect, showing: the pharyngeal raphe, and the superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles, the thyropharyngeus muscle and the cricopharyngeus muscle.
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